EFEKTIVITAS PERAWATAN LUKA DENGAN REBUSAN PIPER CROCATUM TERHADAP TINGKAT PENYEMBUHAN ULKUS DIABETIKUM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37771/kjn.v7i2.1392Keywords:
ulkus diabetikum, perawatan luka, Piper crocatum, BWATAbstract
Background: The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus with diabetic foot ulcers has become a major health problem. One alternative treatment to accelerate wound healing is the use of Piper crocatum (red betel leaf) decoction as a wound cleanser. Objective: To examine the effectiveness of wound care using Piper crocatum decoction in improving the healing process of diabetic foot ulcers. Methods: This quasi-experimental study applied a pre–post control group design. Thirty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic ulcers were recruited and divided into two groups: intervention (n = 15) and control (n = 15). The intervention group received wound care with Piper crocatum decoction, administered six times over 16 days at two-day intervals, while the control group received standard wound care and diabetes education. Wound healing was assessed using the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT) at baseline (pretest) and after 16 days (posttest). Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk for normality and paired t-test for within-group comparisons. Results: In the intervention group, the mean BWAT score significantly decreased from 34.27 (SD = 2.69) to 19.67 (SD = 3.44) (p < 0.001). In contrast, the control group showed no significant difference, with a mean score of 33.53 (SD = 3.74) before treatment and 32.93 (SD = 3.49) after treatment (p = 0.178). Conclusion: Wound care using Piper crocatum decoction was proven effective in accelerating the healing of diabetic ulcers compared to standard wound care. This intervention is simple, economical, and feasible to be applied in primary healthcare settings.
Latar Belakang: Jumlah penderita diabetes melitus dengan ulkus kaki terus meningkat dan menjadi masalah serius dalam pelayanan kesehatan. Salah satu pilihan alternatif untuk mempercepat penyembuhan adalah penggunaan rebusan daun Piper crocatum (sirih merah) sebagai cairan pembersih luka. Tujuan: Menilai efektivitas perawatan luka menggunakan rebusan Piper crocatum terhadap penyembuhan ulkus diabetikum. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan rancangan quasi experimental dengan desain pre–post dua kelompok. Sebanyak 30 responden dengan diabetes melitus tipe 2 dan ulkus diabetikum dibagi menjadi kelompok perlakuan (n=15) dan kelompok kontrol (n=15). Kelompok perlakuan diberikan terapi cuci luka dengan rebusan Piper crocatum sebanyak enam kali selama 16 hari dengan interval dua hari. Kelompok kontrol memperoleh perawatan luka standar serta edukasi mengenai diabetes. Penyembuhan luka dinilai dengan Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT) pada awal dan akhir penelitian. Analisis data meliputi uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk dan uji paired t-test. Hasil: Pada kelompok intervensi, rata-rata skor BWAT menurun signifikan dari 34,27 (SD = 2,69) menjadi 19,67 (SD = 3,44) (p < 0,001). Sebaliknya, kelompok kontrol tidak menunjukkan perubahan bermakna, dengan rata-rata skor 33,53 (SD = 3,74) sebelum perlakuan dan 32,93 (SD = 3,49) setelah perlakuan (p = 0,178). Kesimpulan: Perawatan luka menggunakan rebusan Piper crocatum terbukti lebih efektif mempercepat penyembuhan ulkus diabetikum dibandingkan perawatan standar. Intervensi ini sederhana, terjangkau, dan layak dipertimbangkan di pelayanan kesehatan primer.
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